On January 20th, 2025, President Donald Trump issued Executive Order 14160, titled “Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship,” aiming to end birthright citizenship. In response, numerous civil rights groups, including the ACLU, the Asian Law Caucus, and the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, filed a class action lawsuit named Barbara v. Trump. The lawsuit, one of many pending cases on the issue, argues that EO 14160 is incongruent with the history and text of the 14th Amendment, Supreme Court case law, federal statute, and the understanding and practice of all three branches of the federal government for more than a hundred years.